Who Benefits from Concentrated Affluence?: A Synthesis of Neighborhood Effects Considering Race, Gender and Education Outcomes

Using Hierarchical Linear Models the author synthesizes the findings of 41 sample estimates to ascertain the significance and magnitude of neighborhood affluence effects on education outcomes according to race, gender and study quality. The analysis finds the presence of high SES neighbors is positively related to education outcomes even when controlling for variation in study quality. The examination of these effects according to race revealed a larger benefit for whites than for blacks, while females derived a greater benefit than males in the gender analysis. In the estimation of race and gender interaction effects, white males were found to derive the greatest educational benefit from having high SES neighbors while black males benefited least. Significant effects for all four subpopulations remained after controlling for study quality.

gender, race, neighborhood, education, affluence