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Seminar Series: The Effect of College Education on Health
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Kasey Buckles, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, University of Notre Dame
Located in
Coming Up
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Seminar Series: Single Motherhood and Child Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Life Course Perspective
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Shelley Clark, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, McGill University
Located in
Coming Up
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Revisiting Swidler, Again: Brain, Self, and Culture in Action
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Christine Bachrach, University of Maryland and Duke University; 2012-011
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Research
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Working Papers
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WP Documents
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Epidemiological Paradox or Immigrant Vulnerability ? Obesity Among Young Children of Immigrants
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Michael S. Rendall, University of Maryland; Elizabeth H. Baker and Margaret M. Weden, RAND Corporation; 2012-010
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Research
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Working Papers
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WP Documents
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The Informative Role of Advertising and Experience in Dynamic Brand Choice: an Application to the Ready-to-Eat Cereal Market
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We study how consumers make brand choices when they have limited information. In a market of experience goods with frequent product entry and exit, consumers face two types of information problems: first, they have limited information about a product’s existence; second, even if they know a product exists, they do not have full information about its quality until they purchase and consume it. In this chapter, we incorporate purchase experience and brand advertising as two sources of information and examine how consumers use them in a dynamic process. The model is estimated using the Nielsen Homescan data in Los Angeles, which consist of grocery shopping history for 1,402 households over 6 years. Taking ready-to-eat cereal as an example, we find that consumers learn about new products quickly and form strong habits. More specifically, advertising has a significant effect in informing consumers of a product’s existence and signaling product quality. However, advertising’s prestige effect is not significant. We also find that incorporating limited information about a product’s existence leads to larger estimates of the price elasticity. Based on the structural estimates, we simulate consumer choices under three counterfactual experiments to evaluate brand marketing strategies and a policy on banning children-oriented cereal advertising. Simulation suggests that the advertising ban encourages consumers to consume less sugar and more fiber, but their expenditures are also higher because they switch to family and adult brands, which are more expensive.
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Retired Persons
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Ginger Zhe Jin, Ph.D.
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Ginger Zhe Jin Publications
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MPRC Affiliate Judith Shinogle
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Dr. Shinogle was killed in an automobile accident on 20 May
Located in
News
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Exposure to Particulate Matter and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review and Meta Analysis.
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Increasing number of studies have investigated the impact of maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, particularly low birth weight (LBW, <2,500 g at birth) and preterm birth (PTB, <37 completed weeks of gestation). We performed a comprehensive review of the peer-reviewed literature and a meta-analysis to quantify the association between maternal exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter 2.5 and 10 μm (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) during pregnancy and the risk of LBW and PTB. We identified 20 peer-reviewed articles providing quantitative estimate of exposure and outcome that met our selection criteria. There was significant heterogeneity between studies, particularly for findings related to PM 10 exposure (LBW, I -squared 54%, p = 0.01; PTB, I -squared = 73%, p < 0.01). Results from random-effect meta-analysis suggested a 9% increase in risk of LBW associated with a 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 (combined odds ratios (OR), 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90–1.32), but our 95% CI included the null value. We estimated a 15% increase in risk of PTB for each 10-μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 (combined OR, 1.15; CI, 1.14–1.16). The magnitude of risk associated with PM 10 exposure was smaller (2% per 10-μg/m 3 increase) and similar in size for both LBW and PTB, neither reaching formal statistical significance. We observed no significant publication bias, with p > 0.05 based on both Begg's and Egger's bias tests. Our results suggest that maternal exposure to PM, particularly PM 2.5 may have adverse effect on birth outcomes. Additional mechanistic studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms for this association.
Located in
MPRC People
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Amir Sapkota, Ph.D.
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Amir Sapkota Publications
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Measuring and Mitigating HIV Stigma: A Framed Field Experiment
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Vivian Hoffman, University of Maryland; Kent D. Messer and Jacob Fooks, University of Delaware // Keywords: HIV/AIDS, field experiment, stigma; 2012-003
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Working Papers
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WP Documents
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Dagher: Prevention of postpartum depression could yield health care cost savings
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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health R18 study is first to examine the relation between postpartum depression and health services expenditures
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Research
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Selected Research
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Teens, Technology, and Dating Violence
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Donna Howard and colleagues are studying the impact of electronic communication technologies on dating violence
Located in
Research
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Selected Research