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MPRC -> People -> Judy Hellerstein -> Grants |
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The Economics of Residential and Workplace Segregation
Current (2003-07-03 - 2009-04-30)
EKS-NICHD
Abstract
The proposed research has two components. The first is the construction of a unique, very large, representative data set matching workers to employers, using information on workers from the 2000 Decennial Long-Form of the Census. The matching technology we will use is one we are developing and refining to construct a similar data set using currently available 1990 data, where the employer characteristics in these data sets are obtained in part from information on multiple workers working for each employer. For each individual worker, the data sets include detailed information on both residential location and geographic location of the place of work. The second component of the research program is to use the 1990 and 2000 data to study the interdependence of residential and labor market segregation and the effects of segregation on economic outcomes.
Does High Family Income Produce Better Child Health: Evidence From the 1993 Expansion of The Earned Income Tax Credit
Current (2007-11-01 - 2009-10-31)
Russell Sage Foundation
Abstract
A large literature has established that health outcomes are better among those with higher socioeconomic status (SES). A more recent literature has documented this same relationship for children and provided suggestive evidence that the health/SES gradient may begin in childhood. Some have proposed greater redistribution of income as a way to reduce disparities in health across groups. However, this solution pre-supposes that the income is the cause of the disparities rather than just a signal of other deficiencies in the lives of those with low SES. In this proposal, we outline a research program that uses the increase in family income generated by the 1993 expansion of Earned Income Tax Credit as quasi-experimental variation in income to test whether more income will improve the health of children. This EITC is a refundable credit for families with labor income below a particular threshold. The 1993 expansions increased substantially the size of the credit, especially for families with two or more children. If income is protective, we should see improvements in the health of children in these families, relative to children in higher income but similarly-sized families that are ineligible for the credit. The results will not only provide policy-relevant data about the efficacy income transfer programs to improve child health outcomes, the results should also be instructive about the larger issue of whether income is the fundamental cause of the disparities in health throughout the income distribution.
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